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Generate Ssl Certificate In Azure Key Vault

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by consturimultiscun 2020. 11. 30. 22:20

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Allows a certificate owner to create a certificate through a Key Vault creation process or through the import of an existing certificate. Includes both self-signed and Certificate Authority generated certificates. Allows a Key Vault certificate owner to implement secure storage and management of X509 certificates without interaction with private key material.

Important

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This article explains how to provision the self-signed certificates required to establish a Windows Remote Management (WinRM) connectivity to an Azure-hosted virtual machine (VM). This process consists of three steps:

  1. Create the security certificate.
  2. Create the Azure Key Vault to store this certificate.
  3. Store the certificates to this key vault.

You can use either a new or an existing Azure resource group for this work. The former approach is used in the following explanation.

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Note

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Create the certificate

Edit and run the following Azure Powershell script to create the certificate file (.pfx) in a local folder. You'll need to replace the values for the following parameters:

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Azure key vault create self signed certificate
ParameterDescription
$certroopathLocal folder to save the .pfx file to
$locationOne of the Azure standard geographic locations
$vmNameName of the planned Azure virtual machine
$certnameName of the certificate; must match the fully qualified domain name of the planned VM
$certpasswordPassword for the certificates, must match the password used for the planned VM

Tip

Keep the same PowerShell console session active during these steps so that the values of the various parameters will be retained.

Warning

If you save this script, store it only in a secure location because it contains security information (a password).

Create the key vault

Copy the contents of the key vault deployment template to a file on your local machine. (in the example script below, this resource is C:certLocationkeyvault.json.) Edit and run the following Azure Powershell script to create an Azure Key Vault instance and the associated resource group. You'll need to replace the values for the following parameters:

ParameterDescription
$postfixArbitrary numeric string appended to deployment identifiers
$rgNameAzure resource group (RG) name to create
$locationOne of the Azure standard geographic locations
$kvTemplateJsonPath of file (keyvault.json) containing Resource Manager template for key vault
$kvnameName of the new key vault

Store the certificate

You can now store the certificates, contained in the .pfx file, to the new key vault by running the following script.

Next steps

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A Key Vault (KV) certificate can be either created or imported into a key vault. When a KV certificate is created the private key is created inside the key vault and never exposed to certificate owner. The following are ways to create a certificate in Key Vault:

  • Create a self-signed certificate: This will create a public-private key pair and associate it with a certificate. The certificate will be signed by its own key.

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  • Create a new certificate manually: This will create a public-private key pair and generate an X.509 certificate signing request. The signing request can be signed by your registration authority or certification authority. The signed x509 certificate can be merged with the pending key pair to complete the KV certificate in Key Vault. Although this method requires more steps, it does provide you with greater security because the private key is created in and restricted to Key Vault. This is explained in the diagram below.

The following descriptions correspond to the green lettered steps in the preceding diagram.

  1. In the diagram above, your application is creating a certificate which internally begins by creating a key in your key vault.
  2. Key Vault returns to your application a Certificate Signing Request (CSR)
  3. Your application passes the CSR to your chosen CA.
  4. Your chosen CA responds with an X509 Certificate.
  5. Your application completes the new certificate creation with a merger of the X509 Certificate from your CA.
  • Create a certificate with a known issuer provider: This method requires you to do a one-time task of creating an issuer object. Once an issuer object is created in you key vault, its name can be referenced in the policy of the KV certificate. A request to create such a KV certificate will create a key pair in the vault and communicate with the issuer provider service using the information in the referenced issuer object to get an x509 certificate. The x509 certificate is retrieved from the issuer service and is merged with the key pair to complete the KV certificate creation.

The following descriptions correspond to the green lettered steps in the preceding diagram.

  1. In the diagram above, your application is creating a certificate which internally begins by creating a key in your key vault.
  2. Key Vault sends an TLS/SSL Certificate Request to the CA.
  3. Your application polls, in a loop and wait process, for your Key Vault for certificate completion. The certificate creation is complete when Key Vault receives the CA’s response with x509 certificate.
  4. The CA responds to Key Vault's TLS/SSL Certificate Request with an TLS/SSL X.509 certificate.
  5. Your new certificate creation completes with the merger of the TLS/SSL X.509 certificate for the CA.

Asynchronous process

KV certificate creation is an asynchronous process. This operation will create a KV certificate request and return an http status code of 202 (Accepted). The status of the request can be tracked by polling the pending object created by this operation. The full URI of the pending object is returned in the LOCATION header.

Generate Ssl Certificate In Azure Key Vault Key

When a request to create a KV certificate completes, the status of the pending object will change to “completed” from “inprogress”, and a new version of the KV certificate will be created. This will become the current version.

First creation

When a KV certificate is created for the first time, an addressable key and secret is also created with the same name as that of the certificate. If the name is already in use, then the operation will fail with an http status code of 409 (conflict).The addressable key and secret get their attributes from the KV certificate attributes. The addressable key and secret created this way are marked as managed keys and secrets, whose lifetime is managed by Key Vault. Managed keys and secrets are read-only. Note: If a KV certificate expires or is disabled, the corresponding key and secret will become inoperable.

If this is the first operation to create a KV certificate then a policy is required. A policy can also be supplied with successive create operations to replace the policy resource. If a policy is not supplied, then the policy resource on the service is used to create a next version of KV certificate. Note that while a request to create a next version is in progress, the current KV certificate, and corresponding addressable key and secret, remain unchanged.

Self-issued certificate

Azure Create Ssl Certificate

To create a self-issued certificate, set the issuer name as 'Self' in the certificate policy as shown in following snippet from certificate policy.

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If the issuer name is not specified, then the issuer name is set to 'Unknown'. When issuer is 'Unknown', the certificate owner will have to manually get a x509 certificate from the issuer of his/her choice, then merge the public x509 certificate with the key vault certificate pending object to complete the certificate creation.

Partnered CA Providers

Certificate creation can be completed manually or using a “Self” issuer. Key Vault also partners with certain issuer providers to simplify the creation of certificates. The following types of certificates can be ordered for key vault with these partner issuer providers.

ProviderCertificate type
DigiCertKey Vault offers OV or EV SSL certificates with DigiCert
GlobalSignKey Vault offers OV or EV SSL certificates with GlobalSign

A certificate issuer is an entity represented in Azure Key Vault (KV) as a CertificateIssuer resource. It is used to provide information about the source of a KV certificate; issuer name, provider, credentials, and other administrative details.

Note that when an order is placed with the issuer provider, it may honor or override the x509 certificate extensions and certificate validity period based on the type of certificate.

Generate Ssl Certificate In Azure Key Vault Video

Authorization: Requires the certificates/create permission.

Generate Ssl Certificate In Azure Key Vault Access Key For Storage

See Also